Co-Design of Multi-Storey Timber Building Systems for Building Stock Extension

Research Project 3-2 (RP 3-2)

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CO-DESIGN, ADAPTATION, INTEGRATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF MULTI-STOREY TIMBER BUILDING SYSTEMS FOR BUILDING STOCK EXTENSION

The fulfilment of the sustainable development goals defined by the United Nations requires innovations and commitments from all industries. For the building sector this translates into the need to adopt more cost- and energy-efficient methods, decrease material waste, and increase the use of CO2-neutral materials such as timber. This can be realised by developing co-design methods which integrate architectural, structural, and building physics criteria in feedback with novel fabrication and construction possibilities in order to articulate timber building systems that overcome the typical limitations of multi-storey timber structures. Such quasi mono-material and future-proof wood building systems are based on standard timber-materials (e.g. GLT or CLT) and offer open-purpose, multi-functional, and geometrically bespoke column, wall, and ceiling elements, thus achieving bi-axial, variable span, and structurally optimized, resource-effective solutions using on-site/ off-site additive and subtractive manufacturing processes. This would enable independence from typically restraining rigid grid ordering systems and foster new timber architecture typologies that are also attractive for long-term use by being adaptable and flexibly programmable.

Based on the insights of the predecessor project RP3-1, RP3-2 will address the next set of research challenges for the co-design methods and multi-storey timber building systems developments by: (1) Expanding the system’s design space towards the extension of existing building stock, through the investigation and integration of design adaptation methods and flexible strategies for establishing performative interfaces with existing structures. Further, (2) we will investigate the possibilities of replacing remaining non-timber building system elements with wood-based solutions, aiding in the integration of additional building elements into the existing building system, such as lateral bracing. Consequently, this will include the investigation of bonded joints in regard to energy dissipation capabilities and fire/high temperature resistance. We will also (3) extend the interdisciplinary modelling methods with further relevant parameters (e.g. fire-resistance) and investigate multi-parameter optimization methods and frameworks for the design beyond those developed in RP3-1. Finally, (4) the research will establish a coordinated interdisciplinary project development process and a coherent computational design and engineering model through continuous synthesis. The resulting novel building system and methods will be demonstrated and evaluated through the building elements in the IntCDC demonstrator building. In parallel, we will evaluate the building stock extension method through benchmark and synthesis studies.

 
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS

Prof. Achim Menges
ICD - Institute for Computational Design and Construction, University of Stuttgart
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jan Knippers
ITKE - Institute for Building Structures and Structural Design, University of Stuttgart
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Philip Leistner
IABP - Institute for Acoustics and Building Physics, University of Stuttgart
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Harald Garrecht with Dr. Simon Aicher
MPA – Materials Testing Institute, University of Stuttgart

TEAM

Theresa Müller (IABP)
Luis Orozco (ICD)
Nils Opgenorth (ICD)
Cristóbal Tapia Camú (MPA)
Hans-Jakob Wagner (ICD)
Lorenz Riedel (ITKE)
Simon Treml (ICD)

 

PEER-REVIEWED PUBLICATIONS

  1. 2022

    1. Chai, H., Guo, Z., Wagner, H. J., Stark, T., Menges, A., & Yuan, P. F. (2022). In-Situ Robotic Fabrication of Spatial Glulam Structures. Proceedings of the 27th CAADRIA Conference, Sydney, 9-15 April 2022, 2, 41--50. https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2022.2.041
    2. Krtschil, A., Orozco, L., Bechert, S., Wagner, H. J., Amtsberg, F., Chen, T.-Y., Shah, A., Menges, A., & Knippers, J. (2022). Structural development of a novel punctually supported timber building system for multi-storey construction. Journal of Building Engineering, 58, 104972. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2022.104972
    3. Krtschil, A., Orozco, L., Wagner, H. J., Menges, A., & Knippers, J. (2022). Conceptual development and comparison of two punctually supported timber slab systems. Doktorandenkolloquium Holzbau Forschung + Praxis.
    4. Orozco, L., Krtschil, A., Skoury, L., Knippers, J., & Menges, A. (2022). Arrangement of reinforcement in variable density timber slab systems for multi-story construction. International Journal of Architectural Computing, 20(4), Article 4. https://doi.org/10.1177/14780771221135003
    5. Svatoš-Ražnjević, H., Orozco, L., & Menges, A. (2022). Advanced Timber Construction Industry: A Review of 350 Multi-Storey Timber Projects from 2000–2021. Buildings, 12(4), Article 4. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12040404
    6. Tapia, C., Claus, M., & Aicher, S. (2022). A finger-joint based edge connection for the weak direction of CLT plates. Construction and Building Materials, 340, 127645. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.127645

  2. 2021

    1. Aicher, S., & Simon, K. (2021). Rigid Glulam Joints with Glued-in Rods Subjected to Axial and Lateral Force Action. Proceedings of the International Network on Timber Engineering Research (INTER) – Meeting 54, 113–128.
    2. Müller, T., Borschewski, D., Albrecht, S., Leistner, P., & Späh, M. (2021). The Dilemma of Balancing Design for Impact Sound with Environmental Performance in Wood Ceiling Systems—A Building Physics Perspective. Sustainability, 13(16), Article 16. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13168715
    3. Müller, T., Flemming, D., Janowsky, I., Di Bari, R., Harder, N., & Leistner, P. (2021). Bauphysikalische und ökologische Potenziale von Gebäuden in Holzbauweise. Bauphysik, 43(3), Article 3. https://doi.org/10.1002/bapi.202100011
    4. Orozco, L., Krtschil, A., Wagner, H. J., Bechert, S., Amtsberg, F., Skoury, L., Knippers, J., & Menges, A. (2021). Design Methods for Variable Density, Multi-Directional Composite Timber Slab Systems for Multi-Storey. In V. Stojakovic & B. Tepavcevic (Eds.), Proceedings of the 39th eCAADe Conference (Vol. 1, pp. 303--312). Cumincad. http://papers.cumincad.org/cgi-bin/works/paper/ecaade2021_284
    5. Tapia, C., Stimpfle, L., & Aicher, S. (2021). A scalable column-CLT-slab connection for open-plan high-rise timber buildings. Proceedings of WCTE 2021 - World Conference on Timber Engineering.
    6. Wagner, H. J., Aicher, S., Balangé, L., Basalla, U., Schwieger, V., & Menges, A. (2021). Qualities of the Unique: Accuracy and Process-Control Management in Project-based Robotic Timber Construction. World Conference on Timber Engineering 2021 - WCTE 2021.
    7. Wagner, H. J., Garufi, D., Schwinn, T., Wood, D. M., & Menges, A. (2021). Three-Dimensional Fibre Placement in Wood for connections and reinforcements in timber structures. In S. A. Behnejad, G. A. R. Parke, & O. A. Samavati (Eds.), Proceedings of the IASS Annual Symposium 2020/21 and the 7th International Conference on Spatial Structures. IASS.

OTHER PUBLICATIONS

  1. 2022

    1. Chai, H., Wagner, H. J., Guo, Z., Qi, Y., Menges, A., & Yuan, P. F. (2022). Computational design and on-site mobile robotic construction of an adaptive reinforcement beam network for cross-laminated timber slab panels. Automation in Construction, 142(August), Article August. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2022.104536
    2. Müller, T., & Di Bari, R. (2022). Akustisches Verhalten von Holzgeschossdecken ökologisch neu gestalten. In Fortschritte der Akustik - DAGA 2022. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Akustik e.V. (DEGA).
    3. Müller, T., & Leistner, P. (2022). Integrative Ansätze zur Schwingungsreduzierung von Holzgeschossdecken. In Fortschritte der Akustik - DAGA 2022. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Akustik e.V. (DEGA).
    4. Wagner, H. J. (2022). Digitale Fabrikation: Was bringt uns die Zukunft? In 2. Internationaler Kongress Holzbau: Technik+Wirtschaft (HTW) (pp. 91--102). FORUM HOLZBAU.

  2. 2021

    1. Aicher, S., Zisi, N., & Simon, K. (2021). Screw-gluing of ribbed timber elements – Effects of screw spacing and plate stiffness on bond line cramping pressure. In Otto Graf Journal (Vol. 20, pp. 9–38). Otto-Graf-Institute (FMPA), University of Stuttgart. https://www.mpa.uni-stuttgart.de/institut/publikationen/otto-graf-journal/
    2. Claus, M., Tapia, C., & Aicher, S. (2021). Bond line characteristics of new edge connections of cross-laminated timber in the weak direction based on milled profiled connection plates from laminated veneer lumber made of beech. Otto Graf Journal, 20, 39--60.

  3. 2020

    1. Stimpfle, L. (2020). Skalierbarer Stützen-Decken-Anschluss mit eingeklebten Furnierschichtholz-Verstärkungen für mehrgeschossige Holzbauten --- Detaillierung, Berechnung, Versuche.
    2. Tapia, C., Stimpfle, L., & Aicher, S. (2020). A new column-to-slab connection for multi-storey timber buildings. Otto Graf Journal, 19, 297--317.

DATA SETS

  1. 2022

    1. Orozco, L., Svatoš-Ražnjević, H., & Menges, A. (2022). Stakeholders in Multi-storey Timber Data: 540 Design and Construction Players of 300 Mass-Timber Projects from 2000-2021. DaRUS. https://doi.org/10.18419/DARUS-2740

  2. 2021

    1. Tapia Camú, C., & Claus, M. (2021). Experimental data for robotically manufactured plate-to-plate connection. DaRUS. https://doi.org/10.18419/darus-1344

  

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