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Integrative Computational Design and Construction for Architecture (T3.0)
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RP 12-2 – Computational Co-Design Framework for Fibre Composite Building Systems

Computational Co-Design Framework for Fibre Composite Building Systems

Research Project 12-2 (RP 12-2)

COMPUTATIONAL CO-DESIGN FRAMEWORK FOR FIBRE COMPOSITE BUILDING SYSTEMS

Coreless filament winding (CFW) of lightweight fibre composite systems enables highly differentiated placement of high-performance, load-bearing materials and creates new solution spaces for the design and construction of lightweight fibrous structures. In the early design phases of such large-scale coreless-wound fibre composite building systems, considerable effort is required to develop project-specific solutions due to the high complexity of interdependent parameters of design, construction and manufacturing requirements. As a genuinely digital building system, CFW relies on a high level of integration.

In order to handle the multiple interrelationships within a multidisciplinary design and construction process, the project will develop a computational framework of general design methods to make large fibre-based systems conceivable and extend the design space beyond structures based on experience and intuition, unlocking the full potential of coreless filament winding. It aims to make the resulting building systems even more efficient and sustainable through a higher level of design integration and predictability. By identifying relevant parameters for the structural behaviour of the components across domains, it aims to reduce the necessary safety factors for the design of these structures, thus ultimately the amount of material required.

PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS

Prof. Achim Menges
Institute for Computational Design and Construction (ICD), University of Stuttgart
Prof. Dr. Daniel Weiskopf
Visualization Research Center (VISUS), University of Stuttgart
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jan Knippers
ITKE - Institute for Building Structures and Structural Design, University of Stuttgart
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Götz T. Gresser
Institute for Textile and Fiber Technologies (ITFT), University of Stuttgart
Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Manfred Bischoff
Institute for Structural Mechanics (IBB), University of Stuttgart

TEAM

Dr.-Ing. Marta Gil Pérez (ITKE)
Dr.-Ing. Pascal Mindermann (ITFT)
Moataz Abdelaal (VIS)
Yanan Guo (ITKE)
David Forster (IBB)
Fabian Kannenberg (ICD)
Nicolai Grünvogel (IBB)
Christoph Zechmeister (ICD)

PEER-REVIEWED PUBLICATIONS

2023
1. Forster, D., Kannenberg, F., von Scheven, M., Menges, A., & Bischoff, M. (2023). Design and Optimization of Beam and Truss Structures Using Alternative Performance Indicators Based on the Redundancy Matrix. In K. Dörfler, J. Knippers, A. Menges, S. Parascho, H. Pottmann, & T. Wortmann (Eds.), Advances in Architectural Geometry 2023 (pp. 455--466). De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111162683-034
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  @inproceedings{Forster2023, address = {Berlin, Boston}, author = {Forster, David and Kannenberg, Fabian and von Scheven, Malte and Menges, Achim and Bischoff, Manfred}, booktitle = {Advances in Architectural Geometry 2023}, doi = {10.1515/9783111162683-034}, editor = {Dörfler, Kathrin and Knippers, Jan and Menges, Achim and Parascho, Stefana and Pottmann, Helmut and Wortmann, Thomas}, isbn = {9783111162683}, lastchecked = {2023-09-27}, pages = {455--466}, publisher = {De Gruyter}, title = {Design and Optimization of Beam and Truss Structures Using Alternative Performance Indicators Based on the Redundancy Matrix}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111162683-034}, year = 2023 }
2. Gil Pérez, M. (2023). Integrative structural design of non-standard building systems: coreless filament-wound structures as a case study (Vol. 49) [Dissertation, Institut für Tragkonstruktionen und Konstruktives Entwerfen, Universität Stuttgart]. https://doi.org/10.18419/opus-12879
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  @phdthesis{GilPerez_thesis, author = {Gil Pérez, Marta}, doi = {10.18419/opus-12879}, publisher = {Institut für Tragkonstruktionen und Konstruktives Entwerfen, Universität Stuttgart}, school = {University of Stuttgart}, title = {Integrative structural design of non-standard building systems: coreless filament-wound structures as a case study}, type = {Dissertation}, volume = 49, year = 2023 }
3. Gil Pérez, M., & Knippers, J. (2023). Integrative Structural Design of Non-Standard Building Systems: Bridging the Gap between Research and Industry. Technology Architecture + Design, 7:2, 244–260. https://doi.org/10.1080/24751448.2023.2246801
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  @article{Gilperez2023, author = {Gil Pérez, Marta and Knippers, Jan}, doi = {10.1080/24751448.2023.2246801}, journal = {Technology \textbar Architecture + Design }, month = {Circularity}, pages = {244-260}, title = {Integrative Structural Design of Non-Standard Building Systems: Bridging the Gap between Research and Industry}, volume = {7:2}, year = 2023 }
4. Gil Pérez, M., Mindermann, P., Zechmeister, C., Forster, D., Guo, Y., Hügle, S., Kannenberg, F., Balangé, L., Schwieger, V., Middendorf, P., Bischoff, M., Menges, A., Gresser, G. T., & Knippers, J. (2023). Data processing, analysis, and evaluation methods for co-design of coreless filament-wound building systems. Journal of Computational Design and Engineering, 10(4), Article 4. https://doi.org/10.1093/jcde/qwad064
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  @article{GilPérezData2023, abstract = {{The linear design workflow for structural systems, involving a multitude of iterative loops and specialists, obstructs disruptive innovations. During design iterations, vast amounts of data in different reference systems, origins, and significance are generated. This data is often not directly comparable or is not collected at all, which implies a great unused potential for advancements in the process. In this paper, a novel workflow to process and analyse the data sets in a unified reference frame is proposed. From this, differently sophisticated iteration loops can be derived. The developed methods are presented within a case study using coreless filament winding as an exemplary fabrication process within an architectural context. This additive manufacturing process, using fiber-reinforced plastics, exhibits great potential for efficient structures when its intrinsic parameter variations can be minimized. The presented method aims to make data sets comparable by identifying the steps each data set needs to undergo (acquisition, pre-processing, mapping, post-processing, analysis, and evaluation). These processes are imperative to provide the means to find domain interrelations, which in the future can provide quantitative results that will help to inform the design process, making it more reliable, and allowing for the reduction of safety factors. The results of the case study demonstrate the data set processes, proving the necessity of these methods for the comprehensive inter-domain data comparison.}}, author = {Gil Pérez, Marta and Mindermann, Pascal and Zechmeister, Christoph and Forster, David and Guo, Yanan and Hügle, Sebastian and Kannenberg, Fabian and Balangé, Laura and Schwieger, Volker and Middendorf, Peter and Bischoff, Manfred and Menges, Achim and Gresser, Götz T and Knippers, Jan}, doi = {10.1093/jcde/qwad064}, eprint = {https://academic.oup.com/jcde/article-pdf/10/4/1460/50882055/qwad064.pdf}, issn = {2288-5048}, journal = {Journal of Computational Design and Engineering}, month = {06}, number = 4, pages = {1460-1478}, title = {{Data processing, analysis, and evaluation methods for co-design of coreless filament-wound building systems}}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1093/jcde/qwad064}, volume = 10, year = 2023 }
5. Orozco, L., Svatoš-Ražnjević, H., Wagner, H. J., Abdelaal, M., Amtsberg, F., Weiskopf, D., & Menges, A. (2023). Advanced Timber Construction Industry: A Quantitative Review of 646 Global Design and Construction Stakeholders. Buildings, 13(9), Article 9. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13092287
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  @article{buildings13092287, abstract = {There has been a multi-storey timber construction boom since the start of the millennium. While there is now a body of research on trends, benefits, and disadvantages of timber construction, there is not yet literature on the wider market or the impact of stakeholders on it. This research investigates the (i) architects, (ii) engineers, and (iii) manufacturers involved in the realization of 300 contemporary multi-storey timber buildings from an existing survey. The analysis is based on data sourced from stakeholder websites and the building survey. It evaluates the perceived level of timber expertise of stakeholders based on service categorization and stakeholder type and relates them to the buildings they worked on. The research uses quantitative methods to answer qualitative questions on the connection between architectural variety in timber construction and the stakeholders involved. Interconnectivity between stakeholders and projects is visualized in an interactive network graph. The study shows a segmented mass timber market with relatively few impactful design and construction stakeholders, mostly located in central and northern Europe. It also identifies fabricators as the largest group of innovators advancing the industry and enabling the construction of more complex projects. It reveals the importance of collaboration and knowledge sharing for the industry’s growth.}, article-number = {2287}, author = {Orozco, Luis and Svatoš-Ražnjević, Hana and Wagner, Hans Jakob and Abdelaal, Moataz and Amtsberg, Felix and Weiskopf, Daniel and Menges, Achim}, doi = {10.3390/buildings13092287}, issn = {2075-5309}, journal = {Buildings}, number = 9, title = {Advanced Timber Construction Industry: A Quantitative Review of 646 Global Design and Construction Stakeholders}, url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/13/9/2287}, volume = 13, year = 2023 }
6. Schlopschnat, C., Pérez, M. G., Zechmeister, C., Estrada, R. D., Kannenberg, F., Rinderspacher, K., Knippers, J., & Menges, A. (2023). Co-Design of Fibrous Walls for Multi-Story Buildings. In K. Dörfler, J. Knippers, A. Menges, S. Parascho, H. Pottmann, & T. Wortmann (Eds.), Advances in Architectural Geometry 2023 (pp. 235--248). De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111162683-018
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  @inproceedings{Schlopschnat2023, address = {Berlin, Boston}, author = {Schlopschnat, Christoph and Pérez, Marta Gil and Zechmeister, Christoph and Estrada, Rebeca Duque and Kannenberg, Fabian and Rinderspacher, Katja and Knippers, Jan and Menges, Achim}, booktitle = {Advances in Architectural Geometry 2023}, doi = {10.1515/9783111162683-018}, editor = {Dörfler, Kathrin and Knippers, Jan and Menges, Achim and Parascho, Stefana and Pottmann, Helmut and Wortmann, Thomas}, groups = {Maison Fibre}, isbn = {9783111162683}, lastchecked = {2023-09-27}, pages = {235--248}, publisher = {De Gruyter}, title = {Co-Design of Fibrous Walls for Multi-Story Buildings}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111162683-018}, year = 2023 }
7. Zechmeister, C., Gil Pérez, M., Knippers, J., & Menges, A. (2023). Concurrent, computational design and modelling of structural, coreless-wound building components. Automation in Construction, 151, 104889. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2023.104889
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  @article{ZECHMEISTER2023104889, abstract = {Coreless filament winding extends established industrial processes, enabling the fabrication of building parts with minimal formwork. Since the part's final geometry is unknown until completed, it creates uncertainties for design and engineering. Existing architectural design workflows are insufficient, and industrial software packages cannot capture the complexity of self-deforming fibres to model complex fibre layups. This research introduces a feedback-based computational method conceived as four development cycles to design and evaluate fibre layups of large-scale architectural building components, and a multi-scalar digital-physical design and evaluation toolset to model and evaluate them at multiple resolutions. The universal applicability of the developed methods is showcased by two different architectural fibre structures. The results show how the systematization of methods and toolset allow for increased design flexibility and deeper integration of interdisciplinary collaborators. They constitute an important step towards a consolidated co-design methodology and demonstrate the potential to simultaneously co-evolve design and evaluation methods.}, author = {Zechmeister, C. and Gil Pérez, M. and Knippers, J. and Menges, A.}, doi = {10.1016/j.autcon.2023.104889}, issn = {0926-5805}, journal = {Automation in Construction}, pages = 104889, title = {Concurrent, computational design and modelling of structural, coreless-wound building components}, url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0926580523001498}, volume = 151, year = 2023 }
8. Zechmeister, C., Gil Pérez, M., Dambrosio, N., Knippers, J., & Menges, A. (2023). Extension of Computational Co-Design Methods for Modular, Prefabricated Composite Building Components Using Bio-Based Material Systems. Sustainability, 15(16), Article 16. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151612189
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  @article{su151612189, abstract = {Robotic coreless filament winding using alternative material systems based on natural fibers and bio-based resin systems offers possible solutions to the productivity and sustainability challenges of the building and construction sector. Their application in modular, prefabricated structures allows for material-efficient and fast production under tightly controlled conditions leading to high-quality building parts with minimal production waste. Plant fibers made of flax or hemp have high stiffness and strength values and their production consumes less non-renewable energy than glass or carbon fibers. However, the introduction of natural material systems increases uncertainties in structural performance and fabrication parameters. The development process of coreless wound composite parts must thus be approached from the bottom up, treating the material system as an integral part of design and evaluation. Existing design and fabrication methods, as well as equipment, are adjusted to emphasize material aspects throughout the development, increasing the importance of material characterization and scalability evaluation. The reciprocity of material characterization and the fabrication process is highlighted and contributes to a non-linear, cyclical workflow. The implementation of extensions and adaptations are showcased in the development of the livMatS pavilion, a first attempt at coreless filament winding using natural material systems in architecture.}, article-number = {12189}, author = {Zechmeister, Christoph and Gil Pérez, Marta and Dambrosio, Niccolo and Knippers, Jan and Menges, Achim}, doi = {10.3390/su151612189}, issn = {2071-1050}, journal = {Sustainability}, number = 16, title = {Extension of Computational Co-Design Methods for Modular, Prefabricated Composite Building Components Using Bio-Based Material Systems}, url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/16/12189}, volume = 15, year = 2023 }
2022
1. Abdelaal, M., Amtsberg, F., Becher, M., Estrada, R. D., Kannenberg, F., Calepso, A. S., Wagner, H. J., Reina, G., Sedlmair, M., Menges, A., & Weiskopf, D. (2022). Visualization for Architecture, Engineering, and Construction: Shaping the Future of Our Built World. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 42(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.1109/MCG.2022.3149837
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  @article{9709159, abstract = {Our built world is one of the most important factors for a livable future, accounting for massive impact on resource and energy use, as well as climate change, but also the social and economic aspects that come with population growth. The architecture, engineering, and construction industry is facing the challenge that it needs to substantially increase its productivity, let alone the quality of buildings of the future. In this article, we discuss these challenges in more detail, focusing on how digitization can facilitate this transformation of the industry, and link them to opportunities for visualization and augmented reality research. We illustrate solution strategies for advanced building systems based on wood and fiber.}, author = {Abdelaal, Moataz and Amtsberg, Felix and Becher, Michael and Estrada, Rebeca Duque and Kannenberg, Fabian and Calepso, Aimée Sousa and Wagner, Hans Jakob and Reina, Guido and Sedlmair, Michael and Menges, Achim and Weiskopf, Daniel}, doi = {10.1109/MCG.2022.3149837}, issn = {1558-1756}, journal = {IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications}, month = {03}, number = 2, pages = {10-20}, title = {Visualization for Architecture, Engineering, and Construction: Shaping the Future of Our Built World}, volume = 42, year = 2022 }
2. Abdelaal, M., Schiele, N. D., Angerbauer, K., Kurzhals, K., Sedlmair, M., & Weiskopf, D. (2022). Comparative Evaluation of Bipartite, Node-Link, and Matrix-Based Network Representations. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2022.3209427
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  @article{9908291, abstract = {This work investigates and compares the performance of node-link diagrams, adjacency matrices, and bipartite layouts for visualizing networks. In a crowd-sourced user study (n = 150), we measure the task accuracy and completion time of the three representations for different network classes and properties. In contrast to the literature, which covers mostly topology-based tasks (e.g., path finding) in small datasets, we mainly focus on overview tasks for large and directed networks. We consider three overview tasks on networks with 500 nodes: (T1) network class identification, (T2) cluster detection, and (T3) network density estimation, and two detailed tasks: (T4) node in-degree vs. out-degree and (T5) representation mapping, on networks with 50 and 20 nodes, respectively. Our results show that bipartite layouts are beneficial for revealing the overall network structure, while adjacency matrices are most reliable across the different tasks.}, author = {Abdelaal, Moataz and Schiele, Nathan D. and Angerbauer, Katrin and Kurzhals, Kuno and Sedlmair, Michael and Weiskopf, Daniel}, doi = {10.1109/TVCG.2022.3209427}, issn = {1941-0506}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics}, pages = {1-11}, title = {Comparative Evaluation of Bipartite, Node-Link, and Matrix-Based Network Representations}, year = 2022 }
3. Gil Pérez, M., Zechmeister, C., Kannenberg, F., Mindermann, P., Balangé, L., Guo, Y., Hügle, S., Gienger, A., Forster, D., Bischoff, M., Tarín, C., Middendorf, P., Schwieger, V., Gresser, G. T., Menges, A., & Knippers, J. (2022). Computational co-design framework for coreless wound fibre-polymer composite structures. Journal of Computational Design and Engineering, 9(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.1093/jcde/qwab081
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  @article{Gil_Perez_2022, abstract = {In coreless filament winding, resin-impregnated fibre filaments are wound around anchor points without an additional mould. The final geometry of the produced part results from the interaction of fibres in space and is initially undetermined. Therefore, the success of large-scale coreless wound fibre composite structures for architectural applications relies on the reciprocal collaboration of simulation, fabrication, quality evaluation, and data integration domains. The correlation of data from those domains enables the optimization of the design towards ideal performance and material efficiency. This paper elaborates on a computational co-design framework to enable new modes of collaboration for coreless wound fibre–polymer composite structures. It introduces the use of a shared object model acting as a central data repository that facilitates interdisciplinary data exchange and the investigation of correlations between domains. The application of the developed computational co-design framework is demonstrated in a case study in which the data are successfully mapped, linked, and analysed across the different fields of expertise. The results showcase the framework’s potential to gain a deeper understanding of large-scale coreless wound filament structures and their fabrication and geometrical implications for design optimization.}, author = {Gil Pérez, M and Zechmeister, C and Kannenberg, F and Mindermann, P and Balangé, L and Guo, Y and Hügle, S and Gienger, A and Forster, D and Bischoff, M and Tarín, C and Middendorf, P and Schwieger, V and Gresser, G T and Menges, A and Knippers, J}, doi = {10.1093/jcde/qwab081}, journal = {Journal of Computational Design and Engineering}, month = {04}, note = {M. Gil Perez and C. Zechmeister: first authors equal contribution. F. Kannenberg and P. Mindermann: second authors equal contribution.}, number = 2, pages = {310--329}, publisher = {Oxford University Press ({OUP})}, title = {Computational co-design framework for coreless wound fibre-polymer composite structures}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fjcde%2Fqwab081}, volume = 9, year = 2022 }
4. Gil Pérez, M., Zechmeister, C., Menges, A., & Knippers, J. (2022). Coreless filament-wound structures: toward performative long-span and sustainable building systems. In S. Xue, J. Wu, & G. Sun (Eds.), Proceedings of IASS Annual Symposia 2022: Innovation, Sustainability and Legacy (Vol. 2022, pp. 3366–3376). International Association for Shell and Spatial Structures (IASS).
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  @inproceedings{IASS2022gilperez, abstract = {Coreless filament winding (CFW) was developed in 2012 at the University of Stuttgart to reduce material waste during the fabrication of composite parts. This was achieved by diminishing the required formwork of state-of-the-art filament winding to discrete boundary frames. Then, impregnated fibers are wound between them, forming lightweight lattice structures. A series of pavilions at the University demonstrated the system's potential and enabled the transfer of CFW into practice, bringing along other engineering challenges, such as the requirement to prove structural integrity and safety. The BUGA Fibre Pavilion was the first long-span application using CFW. In this project, a series of full-scale structural tests successfully proved the structural capacity of the composite components. Maison Fibre expanded the research toward multi-story building systems and explored the combination of CFW components with timber plates as hybrid slabs. To improve the sustainability aspects of the system, the LivMatS Pavilion replaced the previously used carbon and glass fibers with natural fibers. This pavilion achieved different materiality, showing the potential of bio-composite filament wound structures. This paper describes and compares the design and engineering process in each system: long-span, hybrid slab, and natural fiber components, and reveals the potential and future research goals to achieve more sustainable building systems using CFW structures.}, author = {Gil Pérez, Marta and Zechmeister, Christoph and Menges, Achim and Knippers, Jan}, booktitle = {Proceedings of IASS Annual Symposia 2022: Innovation, Sustainability and Legacy}, editor = {Xue, Su-duo and Wu, Jin-zhi and Sun, Guo-jun}, eventdate = {September 19-22 2022}, eventtitle = {IASS/APCS 2022 Innovation, Sustainability and Legacy}, month = {09}, pages = {3366-3376}, publisher = {International Association for Shell and Spatial Structures (IASS)}, title = {Coreless filament-wound structures: toward performative long-span and sustainable building systems}, venue = {Beijing, China}, volume = 2022, year = 2022 }
5. Krake, T., von Scheven, M., Gade, J., Abdelaal, M., Weiskopf, D., & Bischoff, M. (2022). Efficient Update of Redundancy Matrices for Truss and Frame Structures. Journal of Theoretical, Computational and Applied Mechanics. https://doi.org/10.46298/jtcam.9615
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  @article{jtcam:10398, abstract = {Redundancy matrices provide insights into the load carrying behavior of statically indeterminate structures. This information can be employed for the design and analysis of structures with regard to certain objectives, for example reliability, robustness, or adaptability. In this context, the structure is often iteratively examined with the help of slight adjustments. However, this procedure generally requires a high computational effort for the recalculation of the redundancy matrix due to the necessity of costly matrix operations. This paper addresses this problem by providing generic algebraic formulations for efficiently updating the redundancy matrix (and related matrices). The formulations include various modifications like adding, removing, and exchanging elements and are applicable to truss and frame structures. With several examples, we demonstrate the interaction between the formulas and their mechanical interpretation. Finally, a performance test for a scaleable structure is presented. }, author = {Krake, Tim and von Scheven, Malte and Gade, Jan and Abdelaal, Moataz and Weiskopf, Daniel and Bischoff, Manfred}, doi = {10.46298/jtcam.9615}, journal = {{Journal of Theoretical, Computational and Applied Mechanics}}, title = {{Efficient Update of Redundancy Matrices for Truss and Frame Structures}}, url = {https://jtcam.episciences.org/10398}, year = 2022 }
6. Menges, A., Kannenberg, F., & Zechmeister, C. (2022). Computational co-design of fibrous architecture. Architectural Intelligence, 1(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44223-022-00004-x
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  @article{Menges2022CoDesignFiber, abstract = {Fibrous architecture constitutes an alternative approach to conventional building systems and established construction methods. It shows the potential to converge architectural concerns such as spatial expression and structural elegance, with urgently required resource effectiveness and material efficiency, in a genuinely computational approach. Fundamental characteristics of fibre composite are shared with fibre structures in the natural world, enabling the transfer of design principles and providing a vast repertoire of inspiration. Robotic fabrication based on coreless filament winding, a technique to deposit resin impregnated fibre filaments with only minimal formwork, as well as integrative computational design methods are imperative to the development of complex fibrous building systems. Two projects, the BUGA Fibre Pavilion as an example for long-span structures, and Maison Fibre as an example of multi-storey architecture, showcase the application of those techniques in an architectural context and highlight areas of further research opportunities. The highly interrelated aesthetic, structural and fabrication characteristics of fibre nets are difficult to understand and go beyond a designer’s comprehension and intuition. An AI powered, self-learning agent system aims to extend and thoroughly explore the design space of fibre structures to unlock the full design potential coreless filament winding offers. In order to ensure feedback between all relevant design and performance criteria and enable interdisciplinary convergence, these novel design methods are embedded in a larger co-design framework. It formalizes the interaction of involved interdisciplinary domains and allows for interactive collaboration based on a central data model, serving as a base for design optimisation and exploration. To further advance research on fibre composites in architecture, bio-based materials are considered, continuing the journey of discovery of fibrous architecture to fundamentally rethinking design and construction towards a novel, computational material culture in architecture.}, author = {Menges, Achim and Kannenberg, Fabian and Zechmeister, Christoph}, doi = {10.1007/s44223-022-00004-x}, issn = {27316726}, journal = {Architectural Intelligence}, number = 1, pages = {6--}, refid = {Menges2022}, title = {Computational co-design of fibrous architecture}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s44223-022-00004-x}, volume = 1, year = 2022 }
7. Menges, A., & Wortmann, T. (2022). Synthesising Artificial Intelligence and Physical Performance. Architectural Design, 92(3), Article 3. https://doi.org/10.1002/ad.2819
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  @article{menges2022synthesising, author = {Menges, Achim and Wortmann, Thomas}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/ad.2819}, journal = {Architectural Design}, number = 3, pages = {94-99}, title = {Synthesising Artificial Intelligence and Physical Performance}, volume = 92, year = 2022 }
8. Richer, G., Pister, A., Abdelaal, M., Fekete, J.-D., Sedlmair, M., & Weiskopf, D. (2022). Scalability in Visualization. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2022.3231230
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  @article{10003102, abstract = {We introduce a conceptual model for scalability designed for visualization research. With this model, we systematically analyze over 120 visualization publications from 1990 to 2020 to characterize the different notions of scalability in these works. While many papers have addressed scalability issues, our survey identifies a lack of consistency in the use of the term in the visualization research community. We address this issue by introducing a consistent terminology meant to help visualization researchers better characterize the scalability aspects in their research. It also helps in providing multiple methods for supporting the claim that a work is “scalable.” Our model is centered around an effort function with inputs and outputs. The inputs are the problem size and resources, whereas the outputs are the actual efforts, for instance, in terms of computational run time or visual clutter. We select representative examples to illustrate different approaches and facets of what scalability can mean in visualization literature. Finally, targeting the diverse crowd of visualization researchers without a scalability tradition, we provide a set of recommendations for how scalability can be presented in a clear and consistent way to improve fair comparison between visualization techniques and systems and foster reproducibility.}, author = {Richer, Gaëlle and Pister, Alexis and Abdelaal, Moataz and Fekete, Jean-Daniel and Sedlmair, Michael and Weiskopf, Daniel}, doi = {10.1109/TVCG.2022.3231230}, issn = {1941-0506}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics}, pages = {1-15}, title = {Scalability in Visualization}, year = 2022 }
9. Stieler, D., Schwinn, T., Leder, S., Maierhofer, M., Kannenberg, F., & Menges, A. (2022). Agent-based modeling and simulation in architecture. Automation in Construction, 141, 104426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2022.104426
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  @article{Stieler2022, abstract = {Over the last two decades, the use of agent-based models (ABMs) to model and simulate the dynamics of complex systems has increased significantly among various scientific fields, including architecture. Based on a systematic literature review, this paper presents a classification for agent-based modeling and simulation (ABMS) in architecture based on the individual entities being modeled as agents. The classification is based on a reproducible search method capable of incorporating findings from different domain-specific databases to systematically retrieve relevant literature for ABMS in architecture. Subsequently, in each of the ABMs encountered in the selected literature, we identify what entity an agent in the model represents. Based on this identification, a comprehensive classification for ABMs in architecture is achieved. By describing each of the resulting categories, we provide new insights into the field of ABMS in architecture. Finally, we discuss limitations, as well as future trends and possibilities for ABMS in architecture.}, author = {Stieler, David and Schwinn, Tobias and Leder, Samuel and Maierhofer, Mathias and Kannenberg, Fabian and Menges, Achim}, doi = {10.1016/j.autcon.2022.104426}, issn = {09265805}, journal = {Automation in Construction}, month = {09}, pages = 104426, title = {Agent-based modeling and simulation in architecture}, url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0926580522002990}, volume = 141, year = 2022 }
2021
1. Duque Estrada, R., Kannenberg, F., Wagner, H. J., Yablonina, M., & Menges, A. (2021). Integrative Design Methods for Spatial Winding. Advances in Architectural Geometry 2020, 286–305. https://thinkshell.fr/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/AAG2020_15_Duque.pdf
  - BibTeX
  BibTeX
  @inproceedings{DuqueAAG2020, address = {Paris}, author = {Duque Estrada, Rebeca and Kannenberg, Fabian and Wagner, Hans Jakob and Yablonina, Maria and Menges, Achim}, booktitle = {Advances in Architectural Geometry 2020}, isbn = {978-2-85978-540-6}, pages = {286-305}, publisher = {Presses des Ponts}, title = {Integrative Design Methods for Spatial Winding}, url = {https://thinkshell.fr/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/AAG2020_15_Duque.pdf}, year = 2021 }
2. Hägele, D., Abdelaal, M., Oguz, O. S., Toussaint, M., & Weiskopf, D. (2021). Visual analytics for nonlinear programming in robot motion planning. Journal of Visualization. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12650-021-00786-8
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  BibTeX
  @article{hagele2021visual, abstract = {Nonlinear programming is a complex methodology where a problem is mathematically expressed in terms of optimality while imposing constraints on feasibility. Such problems are formulated by humans and solved by optimization algorithms. We support domain experts in their challenging tasks of understanding and troubleshooting optimization runs of intricate and high-dimensional nonlinear programs through a visual analytics system. The system was designed for our collaborators’ robot motion planning problems, but is domain agnostic in most parts of the visualizations. It allows for an exploration of the iterative solving process of a nonlinear program through several linked views of the computational process. We give insights into this design study, demonstrate our system for selected real-world cases, and discuss the extension of visualization and visual analytics methods for nonlinear programming.}, author = {Hägele, David and Abdelaal, Moataz and Oguz, Ozgur S. and Toussaint, Marc and Weiskopf, Daniel}, doi = {10.1007/s12650-021-00786-8}, issn = {18758975}, journal = {Journal of Visualization}, refid = {Hägele2021}, title = {Visual analytics for nonlinear programming in robot motion planning}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s12650-021-00786-8}, year = 2021 }
2020
1. Abdelaal, M., Lhuillier, A., Hlawatsch, M., & Weiskopf, D. (2020). Time-Aligned Edge Plots for Dynamic Graph Visualization. 2020 24th International Conference Information Visualisation (IV). https://doi.org/10.1109/IV51561.2020.00048
  - BibTeX
  BibTeX
  @conference{abdelaal2020timealigned, author = {Abdelaal, Moataz and Lhuillier, Antoine and Hlawatsch, Marcel and Weiskopf, Daniel}, booktitle = {2020 24th International Conference Information Visualisation (IV)}, doi = {10.1109/IV51561.2020.00048}, title = {Time-Aligned Edge Plots for Dynamic Graph Visualization}, year = 2020 }
2. Duque Estrada, R., Kannenberg, F., Wagner, H. J., Yablonina, M., & Menges, A. (2020). Spatial Winding: Cooperative Heterogeneous Multi-Robot System for Fibrous Structures. Construction Robotics, 4(3–4), Article 3–4. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41693-020-00036-7
  - BibTeX
  BibTeX
  @article{duqueestrada2020coro, author = {Duque Estrada, Rebeca and Kannenberg, Fabian and Wagner, Hans Jakob and Yablonina, Maria and Menges, Achim}, doi = {10.1007/s41693-020-00036-7}, journal = {Construction Robotics}, month = {09}, number = {3-4}, pages = {205-215}, publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media {LLC}}, title = {Spatial Winding: Cooperative Heterogeneous Multi-Robot System for Fibrous Structures}, volume = 4, year = 2020 }
3. Hägele, D., Abdelaal, M., Oguz, O. S., Toussaint, M., & Weiskopf, D. (2020). Visualization of Nonlinear Programming for Robot Motion Planning. Proceedings of the 13th International Symposium on Visual Information Communication and Interaction. https://doi.org/10.1145/3430036.3430050
  - BibTeX
  BibTeX
  @inproceedings{haegele2020nonlinear, abstract = {Nonlinear programming targets nonlinear optimization with constraints, which is a generic yet complex methodology involving humans for problem modeling and algorithms for problem solving. We address the particularly hard challenge of supporting domain experts in handling, understanding, and trouble-shooting high-dimensional optimization with a large number of constraints. Leveraging visual analytics, users are supported in exploring the computation process of nonlinear constraint optimization. Our system was designed for robot motion planning problems and developed in tight collaboration with domain experts in nonlinear programming and robotics. We report on the experiences from this design study, illustrate the usefulness for relevant example cases, and discuss the extension to visual analytics for nonlinear programming in general.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, articleno = {10}, author = {Hägele, David and Abdelaal, Moataz and Oguz, Ozgur S. and Toussaint, Marc and Weiskopf, Daniel}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 13th International Symposium on Visual Information Communication and Interaction}, doi = {10.1145/3430036.3430050}, isbn = {9781450387507}, location = {Eindhoven, Netherlands}, numpages = {8}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {VINCI '20}, title = {Visualization of Nonlinear Programming for Robot Motion Planning}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3430036.3430050}, year = 2020 }

OTHER PUBLICATIONS

2024
1. Forster, D., von Scheven, M., & Bischoff, M. (2024). Alternative Beurteilung von Tragwerken mit Hilfe der Redundanzmatrix. In B. Oesterle, A. Bögle, W. Weber, & L. Striefler (Eds.), Berichte der Fachtagung Baustatik – Baupraxis 15, 04. und 05. März 2024, Hamburg (pp. 67--74). https://doi.org/10.15480/882.9247
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  BibTeX
  @inproceedings{forster2024alternative, abstract = {Zur Analyse von Tragwerken ist es in frühen Entwurfsphasen häufig ausreichend, Schnitt- und Verschiebungsgrößen, sowie Spannungen im Rahmen der linearen Elastizitätstheorie zu bestimmen. Eine weitere fundamentale Eigenschaft von Tragwerken ist der Grad der statischen Unbestimmtheit und deren Verteilung innerhalb des Tragwerks. Die Redundanzmatrix liefert diese Information und stellt damit ein lastfallunabhängiges Maß zur Beurteilung von Tragwerken hinsichtlich Robustheit, Assemblierbarkeit und Adaptierbarkeit zur Verfügung.}, author = {Forster, David and von Scheven, Malte and Bischoff, Manfred}, booktitle = {Berichte der Fachtagung Baustatik – Baupraxis 15, 04. und 05. März 2024, Hamburg}, doi = {10.15480/882.9247}, editor = {Oesterle, Bastian and Bögle, Annette and Weber, Wolfgang and Striefler, Lukas}, pages = {67--74}, title = {Alternative Beurteilung von Tragwerken mit Hilfe der Redundanzmatrix}, year = 2024 }

DATA SETS

2023
1. Gil Pérez, M., Mindermann, P., Zechmeister, C., Forster, D., Guo, Y., Hügle, S., Kannenberg, F., Balangé, L., Schwieger, V., Middendorf, P., Bischoff, M., Menges, A., Gresser, G. T., & Knippers, J. (2023). Post-processed and normalized data sets for the data processing, analysis, and evaluation methods for co-design of coreless filament-wound structures. DaRUS. https://doi.org/10.18419/darus-3449
  - BibTeX
  BibTeX
  @dataset{darus-3449_2023, author = {Gil Pérez, Marta and Mindermann, Pascal and Zechmeister, Christoph and Forster, David and Guo, Yanan and Hügle, Sebastian and Kannenberg, Fabian and Balangé, Laura and Schwieger, Volker and Middendorf, Peter and Bischoff, Manfred and Menges, Achim and Gresser, Götz Theodor and Knippers, Jan}, doi = {10.18419/darus-3449}, publisher = {DaRUS}, title = {Post-processed and normalized data sets for the data processing, analysis, and evaluation methods for co-design of coreless filament-wound structures}, unf = {UNF:6:3jBvTQjaf+dWmcUwcF1GkA==}, url = {https://doi.org/10.18419/darus-3449}, version = {V1}, year = 2023 }
2. Gil Pérez, M., Zechmeister, C., Kannenberg, F., Mindermann, P., Balangé, L., Guo, Y., Hügle, S., Gienger, A., Forster, D., Bischoff, M., Tarín, C., Middendorf, P., Schwieger, V., Gresser, G. T., Menges, A., & Knippers, J. (2023). Object model data sets of the case study specimens for the computational co-design framework for coreless wound fibre-polymer composite structures. DaRUS. https://doi.org/10.18419/darus-3375
  - BibTeX
  BibTeX
  @dataset{darus-3375_2023, author = {Gil Pérez, Marta and Zechmeister, Christoph and Kannenberg, Fabian and Mindermann, Pascal and Balangé, Laura and Guo, Yanan and Hügle, Sebastian and Gienger, Andreas and Forster, David and Bischoff, Manfred and Tarín, Cristina and Middendorf, Peter and Schwieger, Volker and Gresser, Götz Theodor and Menges, Achim and Knippers, Jan}, doi = {10.18419/darus-3375}, publisher = {DaRUS}, title = {Object model data sets of the case study specimens for the computational co-design framework for coreless wound fibre-polymer composite structures}, url = {https://doi.org/10.18419/darus-3375}, version = {V1}, year = 2023 }
3. Schwinn, T., Groenewolt, A., Nguyen, L., Siriwardena, L., Alvarez, M., Reiner, A., Zorn, M. B., & Menges, A. (2023). ABxM.PlateStructures: Agent-based Architectural Design of Plate Structures. DaRUS. https://doi.org/10.18419/darus-3438
  - BibTeX
  BibTeX
  @dataset{darus-3438_2023, author = {Schwinn, Tobias and Groenewolt, Abel and Nguyen, Long and Siriwardena, Lasath and Alvarez, Martín and Reiner, Alexander and Zorn, Max Benjamin and Menges, Achim}, doi = {10.18419/darus-3438}, publisher = {DaRUS}, title = {ABxM.PlateStructures: Agent-based Architectural Design of Plate Structures}, url = {https://doi.org/10.18419/darus-3438}, version = {V1}, year = 2023 }
4. Tkachuk, A., Krake, T., Gade, J., & Scheven, M. von. (2023). Matlab Implementation of Efficient Computation of Redundancy Matrices. DaRUS. https://doi.org/10.18419/darus-3347
  - BibTeX
  BibTeX
  @dataset{tkachuk2023matlab, abstract = {This is a Demo for the manuscript 'Efficient Computation of Redundancy Matrices for Moderately Redundant Truss and Frames Structures' that demonstrates the speedup of the proposed algorithms. The computation is done in single-precision. Please open and run the main file. Further information is contained in this file. }, affiliation = {Tkachuk, Anton/Karlstad University, Krake, Tim/University of Stuttgart, Gade, Jan/University of Stuttgart, von Scheven, Malte/University of Stuttgart}, author = {Tkachuk, Anton and Krake, Tim and Gade, Jan and Scheven, Malte von}, doi = {10.18419/darus-3347}, howpublished = {Software}, note = {Related to: Anton Tkachuk, Tim Krake, Jan Gade, and Malte von Scheven: Efficient Computation of Redundancy Matrices for Moderately Redundant Truss and Frames Structures. Journal of Theoretical, Computational and Applied Mechanics. submitted}, orcid-numbers = {Tkachuk, Anton/0000-0001-8572-8532, Gade, Jan/0000-0002-0922-5885, von Scheven, Malte/0000-0002-4156-2355}, publisher = {DaRUS}, title = {Matlab Implementation of Efficient Computation of Redundancy Matrices}, year = 2023 }
2022
1. Abdelaal, M., Schiele, N. D., Angerbauer, K., Kurzhals, K., Sedlmair, M., & Weiskopf, D. (2022). Supplemental Materials for: Comparative Evaluation of Bipartite, Node-Link, and Matrix-Based Network Representations. DaRUS. https://doi.org/10.18419/DARUS-3100
  - BibTeX
  BibTeX
  @dataset{https://doi.org/10.18419/darus-3100, author = {Abdelaal, Moataz and Schiele, Nathan Daniel and Angerbauer, Katrin and Kurzhals, Kuno and Sedlmair, Michael and Weiskopf, Daniel}, doi = {10.18419/DARUS-3100}, publisher = {DaRUS}, title = {Supplemental Materials for: Comparative Evaluation of Bipartite, Node-Link, and Matrix-Based Network Representations}, url = {https://darus.uni-stuttgart.de/citation?persistentId=doi:10.18419/darus-3100}, year = 2022 }
2. Krake, T., & Scheven, M. von. (2022). Matlab Implementation of Efficient Updates of Redundancy Matrices. DaRUS. https://doi.org/10.18419/darus-2870
  - BibTeX
  BibTeX
  @dataset{krake2022matlab, abstract = {This is a Demo for the manuscript 'Efficient Update of Redundancy Matrices for Truss and Frame Structures' that demonstrates the speedup and accuracy of the proposed update formulas. The computation is done in single-precision.Please open and run the main file. Further information is contained in this file. }, affiliation = {Krake, Tim/University of Stuttgart, von Scheven, Malte/University of Stuttgart}, author = {Krake, Tim and Scheven, Malte von}, doi = {10.18419/darus-2870}, howpublished = {Software}, note = {Related to: Tim Krake, Malte von Scheven, Jan Gade, Moataz Abdelaal, Daniel Weiskopf,and Manfred Bischoff: "Efficient Update of Redundancy Matrices for Truss andFrame Structures", Journal of Theoretical, Computational and Applied Mechanics, November 11, 2022. doi: 10.46298/jtcam.9615}, orcid-numbers = {von Scheven, Malte/0000-0002-4156-2355}, publisher = {DaRUS}, title = {Matlab Implementation of Efficient Updates of Redundancy Matrices}, year = 2022 }
3. Nguyen, L., Schwinn, T., Groenewolt, A., Maierhofer, M., Zorn, M. B., Stieler, D., Siriwardena, L., Kannenberg, F., & Menges, A. (2022). ABxM.Core: The Core Libraries of the ABxM Framework. https://doi.org/10.18419/darus-2994
  - BibTeX
  BibTeX
  @dataset{nguyen2022abxmcore, abstract = {The ABxM.Core consists of the agent core library ABxM.Core and an interoperability library for Rhino 6 and later versions. ABxM.Core implements the functionality specific to agent-based modelling and simulation. The core library can, in principle, be referenced from any application that is compatible with McNeel’s Rhino.Inside technology.ABxM.Core defines four base classes for behaviors, agents, agent systems, and environments, and the Solver class. In addition to the base classes, the core library provides implementations for Vector-based systems called “Boid” (in reference to Craig Reynolds’ Boids), point-based systems called “Cartesian”, matrix-based systems (2d and 3d), mesh systems, and network systems. The necessary agent, system, environment, and behavior classes are derived from the corresponding base classes.Instructions for the use of the source code are included in the file "ABxM.Core-Further_instructions.pdf".}, affiliation = {Nguyen, Long/University of Stuttgart, Schwinn, Tobias/University of Stuttgart, Groenewolt, Abel/University of Stuttgart, Maierhofer, Mathias/University of Stuttgart, Zorn, Max Benjamin/University of Stuttgart, Stieler, David/University of Stuttgart, Siriwardena, Lasath/University of Stuttgart, Kannenberg, Fabian/University of Stuttgart, Menges, Achim/University of Stuttgart}, author = {Nguyen, Long and Schwinn, Tobias and Groenewolt, Abel and Maierhofer, Mathias and Zorn, Max Benjamin and Stieler, David and Siriwardena, Lasath and Kannenberg, Fabian and Menges, Achim}, doi = {10.18419/darus-2994}, howpublished = {Software}, note = {Related to: Groenewolt, A., Schwinn, T., Nguyen, L., & Menges, A. (2018). An interactive agent-based framework for materialization-informed architectural design. Swarm Intelligence, 12(2), 155-186. doi: 10.1007/s11721-017-0151-8}, orcid-numbers = {Schwinn, Tobias/0000-0003-4974-9808, Groenewolt, Abel/0000-0002-0914-6474, Maierhofer, Mathias/0000-0002-0773-7107, Zorn, Max Benjamin/0000-0003-0109-1963, Stieler, David/0000-0002-3854-0016, Siriwardena, Lasath/0000-0001-9100-1321, Kannenberg, Fabian/0000-0003-0316-1769, Menges, Achim/0000-0001-9055-4039}, title = {ABxM.Core: The Core Libraries of the ABxM Framework}, year = 2022 }
4. Orozco, L., Svatoš-Ražnjević, H., & Menges, A. (2022). Stakeholders in Multi-storey Timber Data: 540 Design and Construction Players of 300 Mass-Timber Projects from 2000-2021. DaRUS. https://doi.org/10.18419/DARUS-2740
  - BibTeX
  BibTeX
  @dataset{orozco2022stakeholders, author = {Orozco, Luis and Svatoš-Ražnjević, Hana and Menges, Achim}, doi = {10.18419/DARUS-2740}, publisher = {DaRUS}, title = {Stakeholders in Multi-storey Timber Data: 540 Design and Construction Players of 300 Mass-Timber Projects from 2000-2021}, url = {https://darus.uni-stuttgart.de/citation?persistentId=doi:10.18419/darus-2740}, year = 2022 }
5. Svatoš-Ražnjević, H., & Menges, A. (2022). Multi-storey Timber Buildings Data: Architectural and Structural Data on 350 Mass-Timber Projects from 2000-2021. https://doi.org/10.18419/darus-2733
  - BibTeX
  BibTeX
  @dataset{svatosraznjevic2022multistorey, abstract = {This repository contains a collection of data on 350 contemporary multi-storey timber building projects. The dataset consists of information on 300 projects built between 2000 and 2021, 12 projects in construction, and 38 design proposals. The dataset consists of quantitative and qualitative project data including classification of projects based on structural systems, material (timber-concrete-steel), program, massing, and internal spatial organization. Building project information includes general information on building height (number of stories), location, status (completed, under construction, or planned), architect and year of construction. Projects include both low-, mid-, and high-rise buildings starting at three stories. Links to sources used to gather the data are included.}, affiliation = {Svatoš-Ražnjević, Hana/Universität Stuttgart, Menges, Achim/Universität Stuttgart}, author = {Svatoš-Ražnjević, Hana and Menges, Achim}, doi = {10.18419/darus-2733}, howpublished = {Dataset}, orcid-numbers = {Svatoš-Ražnjević, Hana/0000-0002-4622-5403, Menges, Achim/0000-0001-9055-4039}, title = {Multi-storey Timber Buildings Data: Architectural and Structural Data on 350 Mass-Timber Projects from 2000-2021}, year = 2022 }

Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Manfred Bischoff

Principal Investigator

Phone: +49 711 685 66123

E-Mail

Prof. Dr.-Ing. Götz Gresser

Principal Investigator

Phone: +49 711 9340467

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Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jan Knippers

Deputy Director

Phone: +49 711 685 83280

E-Mail

Prof. Achim Menges

Director

Phone: +49 711 685 82786

E-Mail

Prof. Dr. Daniel Weiskopf

Board of Directors

Phone: +49 711 685 88602

E-Mail

Computational Co-Design Framework for Fibre Composite Building Systems

COMPUTATIONAL CO-DESIGN FRAMEWORK FOR FIBRE COMPOSITE BUILDING SYSTEMS

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PEER-REVIEWED PUBLICATIONS

2023

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2022

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2021

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2020

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OTHER PUBLICATIONS

2024

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DATA SETS

2023

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2022

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Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Manfred Bischoff

Prof. Dr.-Ing. Götz Gresser

Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jan Knippers

Prof. Achim Menges

Prof. Dr. Daniel Weiskopf

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